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Application of Ergonomics in Kitchen Design
Introduction
The kitchen is a space for food preparation and cooking. Its layout should be rationally planned based on room size and structure, while cabinet heights should be customized to family members’ stature. Proper dimensions significantly affect user comfort, fatigue resistance, and prevention of back strain.
Functional Zones
Essential appliances and features:
- Refrigerator, gas stove, sink, range hood, cabinets, water purifier, and kitchenware.
Core kitchen zones:
- Storage area
- Cleaning area
- Prep area
- Cooking area
Common Layout Types
- Single-wall kitchen
- L-shaped kitchen
- Galley kitchen (parallel counters)
- U-shaped kitchen
- Island with breakfast bar
Key Standards
- Minimum kitchen area: 4㎡
1. U-Shaped Kitchen
- Ideal for square spaces. The sink is typically placed under a window, flanked by cooking and storage zones.
- Minimum area: 4.32㎡ (2.4m × 1.8m).
- Recommended area: 6.60㎡ (3.03m × 2.18m).
2. Island with Breakfast Bar
- Enhances workflow, storage, and dining integration.
- Minimum area: 8㎡ (3.2m × 2.5m).
- Recommended area: 12.6㎡ (4.5m × 2.8m).
Vertical Cooking Zone Design
Range hood types: Side-suction, Overhead, or Integrated.
A. Side-Suction Range Hood
- Dimensions: 700–900mm (length) × 500mm (height).
- Optimal height above countertop: 300–400mm.
B. Overhead Range Hood
- Dimensions: 700–900mm (length) × 500mm (height).
- Optimal height above countertop: 700–800mm.
C. Integrated Range Hood
- Dimensions: 700–900mm (length) × 600mm (width) × 1280–1300mm (height).
- Optimal height above countertop: 300–320mm.
Sink Area Ergonomics
- Depth: Standard sink depth = 200mm.
- Height guidelines:
- Women: 800–850mm (to prevent back strain).
- Men: 850–900mm.
- Rule of thumb: Users should reach the sink’s midpoint without bending.
Cabinet Dimensions
- Countertop:
- Width: 600mm.
- Height from floor: 800–850mm.
- Upper cabinets:
- Distance from countertop: 700–800mm.
- Depth: 350mm.
Movement Space Requirements
- Squatting clearance: 900mm (sideways).
- Bending clearance: 900mm (sideways).
Reachable Heights
- Women: Max. reach = 1850mm.
- Men: Max. reach = 1980mm.
- For cabinets ≥2300mm: Requires a 450mm step stool.
Integrated Cabinet Systems
- Built-in appliances (e.g., microwaves, ovens) optimize space.
- Recommended mounting heights:
- Microwave: 650mm from floor.
- Oven: Eye level (to avoid stooping).
Conclusion
Kitchen dimensions should adapt to ergonomic principles, user needs, and spatial constraints. Share this guide to promote healthier, smarter kitchen designs!